What is Enzalutamide?
Also known by the brand name Xtandi®, Enzalutamide is a type of hormone therapy used to treat advanced prostate cancer (prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body). It works by blocking the effects of testosterone, a hormone that prostate cancer cells need to grow.
How does Enzalutamide help in treating prostate cancer?
By blocking testosterone, Enzalutamide prevents prostate cancer cells from growing and spreading. This can help some men live longer and can also treat or delay symptoms such as pain and bone problems.
Who is Enzalutamide prescribed for?
Enza is usually prescribed for men with advanced prostate cancer who no longer respond to other hormone therapies. However, it can also be used as the first treatment for advanced prostate cancer in some cases.
Can I take Enzalutamide if I’ve had Abiraterone?
If you have previously been treated with Abiraterone, Enzalutamide may not be suitable for you. These two drugs are not typically used together because they may not be effective if one has already been tried.
When might my doctor recommend Enzalutamide?
- Your advanced prostate cancer has stopped responding to other hormone therapies.
- You cannot undergo chemotherapy or choose to delay it.
- It is your first treatment for advanced prostate cancer.
Are there specific conditions where Enzalutamide is preferred over Abiraterone?
Yes, Enzalutamide might be preferred if:
- Your cancer has spread to the liver or lungs.
- You cannot take steroids (which are required with Abiraterone).
How is Enzalutamide taken?
Enzalutamide is typically taken as four tablets once a day, at the same time each day, with or without food. If you were on hormone therapy before starting Enzalutamide, you will likely continue with it.
How long will I need to take Enzalutamide?
You will continue taking Enzalutamide until it stops working or if you experience severe side effects. Regular prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests will help monitor its effectiveness.
What are the common side effects of Enzalutamide?
Common side effects can include:
- Headaches
- Hot flushes
- High blood pressure
- Nervousness
- Memory and concentration issues
- Dry or itchy skin
- Breast area swelling (gynaecomastia)
- Restless leg syndrome
- Coronary heart disease
Are there any less common side effects?
- Muscle, bone, back, or joint pain
- Diarrhoea
- Constipation
- Increased risk of falls and bone fractures
- Seizures (especially if you have a history of seizures, alcohol dependence, or other brain injuries)
Can Enzalutamide interact with other medications?
Yes, Enzalutamide can affect how other medicines work and vice versa. Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, especially for conditions like infections, high cholesterol, epilepsy, heart problems, and others.
What if Enzalutamide isn’t suitable for me?
If Enzalutamide isn’t suitable, other treatment options include:
- Chemotherapy (Docetaxel or Cabazitaxel)
- Steroids
- Radium-223
- Olaparib
- Treatments to manage symptoms
- Very rarely, oestrogens
How will my treatment be monitored?
You will have regular PSA blood tests, general blood tests, and blood pressure checks to monitor the effectiveness of Enzalutamide. Your doctor will use these results and your overall well-being to decide whether to continue or adjust your treatment.
